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Spin–orbital separation in the quasi-one-dimensional Mott insulator Sr2CuO3 J. Schlappa,1, 2 K. Wohlfeld,3 K. J. Zhou,1, 9 M. Mourigal,4 M. W. Haverkort,5 V. N. Strocov,1 L. Hozoi,3 C. Monney,1 S. Nishimoto,3 S. Singh,6, 9 A. Revcolevschi,6 J.-S. Caux,7 L. Patthey,1, 8 H. M. Rønnow,4 J. van den Brink3 & T. Schmitt1
Journal name:
Nature
Volume:
485,
Pages:
82–85
Date published:
(03 May 2012)
DOI:
doi:10.1038/nature10974
Received28 September 2011 Accepted17 February 2012 Published online18 April 2012 Corrected online02 May 2011
When viewed as an elementary particle, the electron has spin and charge. When binding to the atomic nucleus, it also acquires an angular momentum quantum number corresponding to the quantized atomic orbital it occupies. Even if electrons in solids form bands and delocalize from the nuclei, in Mott insulators they retain their three fundamental quantum numbers: spin, charge and orbital1. The hallmark of one-dimensional physics is a breaking up of the elementary electron into its separate degrees of freedom2. The separation of the electron into independent quasi-particles that carry either spin (spinons) or charge (holons) was first observed fifteen years ago3. Here we report observation of the separation of the orbital degree of freedom (orbiton) using resonant inelastic X-ray scattering on the one-dimensional Mott insulator Sr2CuO3. We resolve an orbiton separating itself from spinons and propagating through the lattice as a distinct quasi-particle with a substantial dispersion in energy over momentum, of about 0.2 electronvolts, over nearly one Brillouin zone.
Но речь, насколько, я понимаю, идет не о расщеплении на составные части, а о генерации квази-частиц с квантовыми числами изначального электрона.